煤炭基础知识（Basic knowledge of coal）.docVIP

煤炭基础知识（Basic knowledge of coal） Basic knowledge of coal Coal is the most important mineral resources, according to the international energy experts estimate that the world coal recoverable reserves of about 6875 tons of standard coal. Coal is the main energy in China, Chinas coal production and consumption each year roughly 12 tons. Development and utilization of coal resources, is the development of national economy and the important material guarantee based on peoples life. From the varieties of coal production in our country, anthracite accounts for about 20% of total output, bituminous coal accounts for about 75%, and lignite only 5%. Coal has a wide range of uses. It is both fuel and important industrial raw material. The coal is decomposed and refined by chemical methods, and it can produce hundreds of kinds of chemical raw materials. Coal is an important living material in the life of the urban and rural people. It can be seen that coal is closely related to modern industry and agriculture, as well as to peoples lives. Therefore, to do a good job in coal management, we must first understand the basic knowledge of coal. I. the formation of coal Formation of coal. Coal is the remains of ancient organic matter (mainly plants), formed by biological and chemical metamorphism. Roughly divided into two stages, the first stage is the stage of slime coal, that is, from the plant to peat stage. When the plants died, piled up in the water filled swamp, is the presence of water lack of oxygen, then cut off the air at the surface, and under the action of bacteria, know the various parts of the plant decomposition interaction, finally the remains of plants into mud material brown or black and brown, this is peat. This process is called the peat process. This stage requires a long period of geological history that takes millions of years. In the second stage, from peat to brown coal, lignite into bituminous coal, bituminous coal, and then into anthracite stage. When the pea