第06章-猪场粪便除臭.pptVIP

Manure and Odor Management Systems for Swine Operations猪场的粪便和臭气管理系统 作者：Steve Pohl Agricultural Engineer 农业工程师 Environmental Impact of Swine Manure猪粪对环境的影响 Environmental Benefits of Manure猪粪对环境的好处 ? N leaching potential ?减少氮沥滤作用 ? soil erosion runoff ?减少土壤侵蚀和径流 ? soil carbon …. ?土壤的碳增加 ? crop productivity ?提高作物生产率 Replace energy intensive N fertilizer limited resource P fertilizer 能够省下因制造无机氮肥导致的巨大能耗，还能节约磷肥资源 Summary of potential manure contaminants of water quality, the associated environmental risk, and most common pathway to water.小结：粪便物质对水质的污染 、有关的环境危害以及对水质最常见的污染途径 Planning and Evaluation of Manure Storage对储粪设施的规划和评述 Why Do We Store Manure?为什么要储存粪便？ To reduce the need for frequent hauling and land spreading 避免频频装运和施肥 To allow land spreading at a time when soil and climatic conditions are suitable 在土壤和气候条件都适宜时进行施肥 To allow nutrient application at or near the crop’s growing season 在接近和正处于作物栽培季节时进行施肥 Manure Storage Types储粪设施的类型 Commonly UsedManure Storage Facilities通常应用的储粪设施 Based primarily on type and consistency of manure 主要根据粪便的类型和质地 Solid 固体 Slurry 粪浆 Liquid 液体 Under-floor Deep Pit Manure Storage 地下深坑储粪坑 Totally Slatted Deep Pit (3 meters deep) Finishing Barn全条板深坑(3米深)-肥育舍 Shallow Gutter Manure Storage浅储粪槽 Slurry Manure Storage粪浆储存 Outside Tanks 户外储粪罐 Usually concrete or glass-lined steel tanks.通常是水泥结构或是内衬玻璃的钢板结构 Manure may be pumped or flow into tank by gravity. 粪便可用泵抽吸入罐或者靠重力流入罐内 Agitation is necessary. 需要进行搅动 Tanks may be covered for odor control. 可将罐盖上，以防臭气四散 Slurry Manure Storage粪浆储存 Earthen Basins土质储粪池 Usually less costly than tanks建造成本低于储粪罐 Can accommodate some lot runoff 可容纳露天牧场的一部分径流水 Requires soils investigation and seal construction需要调查土层情况并建造密封层 Mowing and berm maintenance required需要对护道进行保养并修剪护道区的植被 Slurry Manure Storage粪浆储存 Earthen Basins土质储粪池 (continued) (续) Some basins are fully or partially lined with concrete.有些土质储粪池全部或部分内壁衬以水泥 Constructed ramps provide access