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FREEWAY SPEEDS AND SPEED VARIATIONS PRECEDING CRASHES, WITHIN AND ACROSS LANES Kara M. Kockelman (Corresponding Author) Associate Professor William J. Murray Jr. Fellow The University of Texas at Austin Department of Civil, Architectural Environmental Engineering ECJ 6.904, Austin, Texas 78712, Tel: (512) 471-0210 FAX: (512) 475-8744 Email: kkockelm@ Jianming Ma, Ph.D. Department of Civil, Architectural Environmental Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Email: mjming@ Accepted for publication in the Spring 2007 issue of the Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Key Words: Speed models, speed variation, freeway crash conditions ABSTRACT Relationships between speed choice and crash occurrence have been difficult to identify. This work examines vehicle speeds (and their variations) derived from single loop detectors for several Southern California freeways, within and across freeway lanes, together with corresponding crash data. While a variety of factors clearly influence speed and speed variance, there is no evidence in these crash data sets, and observations of their corresponding series of 30-second traffic conditions, that speeds or their variation trigger crashes. BACKGROUND In the United States and elsewhere, traffic crashes claim more hum