语言学（linguistics）.docVIP

语言学（linguistics） Eight levels of linguistics in English: Zhao Gailis Journal Language and Linguistics 1, the distinctive features of language: Design, of, features, of, language Arbitrariness arbitrariness means linguistic symbols and the meaning they represent, without a natural link Duality duality means that language consists of two layers Creative creativity means language can be created Displacement displacement refers to the object, time, and view that language can represent in time and space 2, the function of language (not very important) Information function informative Interpersonal function interpersonal Function performative Emotional function emotive function Greeting function phatic communication Entertainment features recreational function Meta language function metalingual function 3 、 major branches of Linguistics Phonetics. Phonetics studies the production, transmission, reception, process, and detection of sounds in human speech Phonology phonology studies the structure and distribution and sequence of speech and syllables Morphological morphology studies the inner structure of words and the rules of word formation Syntax syntax studies sentence structures, rules of word and phrase combinations Semantics is not only concerned with the semantics of words as lexical meaning, and the words above and below the significance. Such as morpheme and sentence meaning Pragmatics, pragmatics, research significance in context 4. Macro linguistics macrolingustics Psycholinguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, sociolinguistics, human linguistics, anthropological, linguistics, computer linguistics, computational, linguistics 5 important differences in Linguistics Prescriptive and descriptive: prescriptive: prescriptive illustrates how things should be Description: descriptive explains how things were Synchronic and diachronic studies: synchronic: synchronic studies a particular period of language Duration: diachronic studies the law of language developme