丧钟为谁而鸣分析.pptVIP

For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣 Ernest Miller Hemingway 海明威 Ernest Miller Hemingway Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. He was part of the 1920s expatriate community(外籍人士) in Paris, as well as the veterans（退伍军人） of World War One later known as “the Lost Generation”, as described in his memoir A Moveable Feast. He received the Pulitzer Prize （普利策奖）in 1953 for The Old Man and the Sea, and the Nobel Prize in Literature Hemingway‘s distinctive writing style is characterized by economy and understatement, in contrast to the style of his literary rival William Faulkner.（威廉福克纳） It had a significant influence on the development of twentieth-century fiction writing. His characters are typically stoic (坚忍的)men who exhibit an ideal described as grace under pressure. Many of his works are now considered canonical(典型)in American literature. Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls in Cuba,Key West, and Sun Valley, Idaho in 1939.In Cuba, he lived in the Hotel Ambos-Mundos where he worked on the manuscript(手稿).The novel was finished in July 1940, and published in October. The novel is based on his experiences during the Spanish Civil War, with an American named Robert Jordan who fights with Spanish soldiers for the republicans.The novel has three types of characters: those who are purely fictional; those based on real people but fictionalized; and those who were actual figures in the war. Background  Abstract For Whom the Bell Tolls is told primarily through the thoughts and experiences of Robert Jordan, a character inspired by Hemingways own experiences in the Spanish Civil War. Robert Jordan is an American volunteer for the?Republican?side in the ?Spanish?Civil?War?who is an expert in the use of explosives, he is assigned to blow up a bridge during an attack on the city of Segovia. A superior has ordered him to travel behind enemy lines and destroy a bridge, using the aid of a group o