全国城镇地表水饮用水水源地水质评价的知识.pdfVIP

第 25 卷第 2 期 水 资 源 保 护 Vol. 25 No. 2 2009 年 3 月 WATER RESOURCES PROTECTION Mar. 2009 全国城镇地表水饮用水水源地水质评价 1 1 1 1 2 王　研 ,唐克旺 ,徐志侠 ,唐　蕴 ,刘慧芳 ( 1. 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所 ,北京 　100038 ; 2. 中交水运规划设计院 ,北京 　100007) 摘要 :根据“全国城市饮用水水源地安全保障规划”成果 ,对全国城市地表水饮用水水源地水质进行分析评 价。评价采用最差因子评价法 ,即以多个水质评价因子中最差因子的水质类别作为水源地综合评价的水质 类别。评价结果显示 ,全国约有 55 %的地表水水源地水质不合格。超标项目以有机污染为主。河流型的水 源地水质状况比水库型的差。超标严重的河流型水源地主要集中在南方地区 ,超标严重的水库型水源地主 要集中在北方地区。 关键词 :水质评价 ;地表水 ;水源地 ;城镇 ; 中国 ( ) 中图分类号:X824 　　　文献标识码 :A 　　　文章编号 2009 Water quality assessment of surface drinking water sources in cities and towns of China 1 1 1 1 2 WANG Yan , TANG Kewang , XU Zhixia , TANG Yun , LIU Huifang ( 1. Department of Water Resources , China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research , Beijing 100038, China; 2. China Communications Water Transportation Planning and Design Institute Co. Ltd , Beijing 100007, ) China Abstract :Based on the achievements of the Safeguard Planning for Urban Drinking Water Sources in China , the water quality of surface drinking water sources is analyzed. The worstfactor assessment method is used ; that is , the water quality grade of the worst factor is taken as the water quality grade of the whole water source. The water quality assessment shows that 55 % of the water sources fail to reach the water quality standard and organic pollutants are the main cause. The water quality of water sources is worse in rivers than in reservoirs , and the water sources beyond the water quality standard are mainly in southern China for rivers and northern China for res