加拿大非常规油气资源分析.ppt

NYSE:DVN Issue Session 2.7Canadian Unconventional Sourcesof Fossil Fuels Major Canadian Basins Canadian Resource PyramidOil Canadian Resource PyramidGas Oil Sands Canadian Crude Oil ProductionOil Sands and Conventional Oil SandsCurrent Commercial Production Technologies Oil Sands Projects In Three Deposits Oil SandsKey Current Issues Land usage – Boreal Forest disturbance Fresh water usage/impact Greenhouse gases Oil SandsLand Usage Oil SandsMining and In Situ Oil SandsLand Usage All disturbed land must be reclaimed by law Surface disturbance per barrel (SAGD) 1-2% vs. conventional oil in Canada New tailings management technologies being employed to dramatically reduce time to reclaim lands Reuse technologies being employed to reduce the size of tailings ponds Increased well density per pad, low impact pipelining developed in conjunction with Government of Alberta Oil SandsFresh Water Usage High proportion of water recycled and continues to improve Imperial Cold Lake: 85% reduction over 30 years Some in situ (SAGD) projects use no fresh water (saline water 4,000 ppm TDS) Fresh water withdrawals from Athabasca River closely monitored and are less than 2% of volume New technologies focusing on less intensive use of water Oil SandsGreenhouse Gases Focus on decreasing intensity per barrel production 39% intensity decrease since 1990 Currently 5-15% greater emissions on a full cycle basis vs. U.S. crude supply average Technology concentrating primarily on lowering energy usage Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) most effective at large conventional sources Full Cycle GHG Emissions Oil SandsGHG Technology Solutions Energy Efficiency Low Energy extraction 35oC instead of 80oC = 1/3 less energy Working on lower temperatures Underground combustion rather than steam Petrobank Whitesands – THAI process Additives to reduce the need for both water and energy (steam) LASER (Imperial), SAP (Cenovus), N-Solv SC-SAGD (Laricina), SOLVE (Statoil/PTRC) Electricity inste