中国海域海洋细菌分布特征分析.PDF

Med J Chin PLA, Vol. 37, No. 9, September 1, 2012 　739 中国海域海洋细菌分布特征分析 马聪，陈昌国，蒋学兵，李丹丹，刘敏，郝秀红，马学斌，钱扬会 [摘要]　目的　了解我国海域主要细菌种类及其分布特征。方法　沿舰船航线用海水采样器对海面下1m左右的海 水进行取样，行增菌、培养、鉴定及药敏试验。结果　在中国4大海域共采集528份海水样本，获得海洋细菌145种共 759株，主要包括弧菌、肠杆菌、非发酵菌、真菌、巴斯德菌、革兰阳性球菌、啮蚀艾肯菌、革兰阳性杆菌和厌氧菌 等菌属。其中弧菌占52.9% ，弧菌中溶藻弧菌、河流弧菌、副溶血弧菌占75% 。4大海域中含量较多的溶藻弧菌、大肠 埃希菌和副溶血弧菌分布无差别(P=0.071) 。对中国4大海域的7种海洋细菌的分布行χ2检验，结果显示差异有统计学意 义(P =0.0004) 。渤海革兰阳性球菌分离率较高；啮蚀艾肯菌在黄海的分离率明显高于其他海域；东海以弧菌占绝对优 势，占总分离株数的70.8% ；南海较其他3大海域分离出较多真菌。各海域特有的海洋菌分布特点是种类多、数目少。 自北向南，各海域分离数目最多的菌种分别为粪肠球菌、黄杆菌、沙鱼弧菌和无名假丝酵母。结论　弧菌为中国海域 分离率最高的优势细菌，厌氧菌及革兰阳性球菌含量极低。4大海域海洋细菌在分布上存在一定差异。 [关键词]　细菌；微生物敏感性试验；海洋生物学 [中图分类号]　Q939.1 [文献标志码]　A [文章编号]　0577-7402(2012)09-0739-05 Distribution characteristics of marine bacteria in the China seas MA Cong1 1 2 3 1 1 1 , CHEN Chang-guo , J IANG Xue-bing , LI Dan-dan , LIU Min , HAO Xiu-hong , MA Xue-bin , QIAN Yang- hui1 1 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Blood Transfusion, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China 3 Graduate School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China This work was supported by the A rmy Command Topics of PLA (2005Z018) [Abstract]　Objective　To investigate the main species of marine bacteria and their distribution characteristics in China Methods seas. 　Seawater samples were obtained from sea water about one meter below the sea level along the navigation course, and then the bacteria therein were enriched, cultured, identified and tested for drug sensitivity. Results　A total of 528 seawater samples were collected from four seas of China, and 759 marine bacteria in 145 species were isolated. The isolates were mainly Vibro, Enterobacteriaceae, Nonfermenter, Fungi, Pasteurella, Gra