Steel Alloys American Foundry Society（美国铸造学会钢合金）.pdfVIP

Steel Alloys David Poweleit Raymond Monroe, Steel Founders’ Society of America, Crystal Lake, Illinois Steel castings have a variety Table 1. Effects of Common Alloying Elements on Steel Properties of mechanical properties. A of end-use applications that Element Effect on Steel Properties steel with high hardenabil- require a heavy-duty compo- Carbon (C) Increases strength but decreases toughness and weldability ity will have more uniform nent. These castings are used in (most common and important) hardness in thicker sections parts for railroad cars, pumps Manganese (Mn) Similar, though lesser, effect as carbon than a steel with low hard- and valves, heavy trucks, con- Silicon (Si) Similar to carbon but with a lesser effect than manganese enability. struction and mining equip- (important for castability) In general, adding alloy- ment and power generation Nickel (Ni) Improves toughness ing elements improves some equipment. A good steel cast- Chromium (Cr) Improves oxidation resistance properties but increases ing application can provide Molybdenum (Mo) Improves hardenability and high temperature strength cost and may reduce other strength while utilizing a fl exible properties. However, most Vanadium (V) Improves high temperature strength geometry inherent with the met