膀胱癌（Bladder cancer）.docVIP

膀胱癌（Bladder cancer） Bladder tumors can be divided into two groups, namely, epithelial tissue and non epithelial tissue. 1. tumors arising from epithelial tissue mainly include transitional epithelial tumors, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and 98% of bladder tumors come from epithelial tissue, with transitional epithelial tumors accounting for 95%. (1) transitional epithelial tumors mainly include carcinoma in situ, papilloma, papillary carcinoma and solid carcinoma. The latter can occur simultaneously in one tumor called papillary solid carcinoma. This classification is easy to use in clinical practice, but it is a very controversial question from the biological behavior of the tumor, whether it is a continuous development of the different stages of the disease or the emergence of the individual at the beginning. Carcinoma in situ of A., is a special transitional epithelial tumor, initially confined to transitional epithelium, formation of villous red pieces slightly raised, do not violate the basement membrane, but poorly differentiated cells, loss of adhesion between cells, so the cells fall off easily and easy to check in the urine. It is difficult to predict the natural process of carcinoma in situ, some long-term asymptomatic, no infiltration, some fast development, with the development of invasive cancer in situ cancer generally takes 1 years to 5 years, 20 years, so some people think that there are two types of carcinoma in situ, a substantial cancer infiltration can represent the predecessor, the other is no invasion ability, called the contradiction of cancer, is relatively benign. B. papilloma is a benign neoplasm with histologically visible tumors originating in the normal bladder mucosa. It is like a water like organism that protrudes into the bladder and has a slender pedicle, where clear fibrous tissue and central bundles of blood vessels are seen. The recurrence of papilloma is characteristic. The recurrence rate is 60% in 5 years, 48.6%