口腔医学考前复习重点 2（Oral medicine examination review 2）.docVIP

口腔医学考前复习重点 2（Oral medicine examination review 2） Check the instruments commonly used in oral and maxillofacial region including 1.: mouthmirrors, tweezers, probe. 2. the structure of the tooth includes: enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp. 3. periodontal tissue structure includes: alveolar bone, periodontal membrane, gingival. 4. the permanent teeth name from the midline to both sides, respectively, central incisors, lateral incisors, canines, first premolars, second premolars, first molars, second molars, and third molars. 5. the causes of decay (dental, caries/tooth, and caries): bacteria, food, host, and time. The role of oral cariogenic flora, sucrose, and other suitable bacterial substrates, sensitive hosts, enough time in the mouth retention. 6. according to the depth of the lesion, caries can be divided into superficial caries, middle caries and deep caries. 7. clinical manifestations and diagnosis of caries: Shallow caries: caries areas of the pit and fissure caries become dark, probe with a rough sense or hook the tip of the probe. Smooth surface caries is usually chalky, tan or brown spots. The patient usually has no self-conscious symptoms, and has no obvious reaction to cold, heat, acid and sweet stimulation. X-ray examination is helpful to detect the caries in the concealed area, and the fluorescence diagnosis or argon laser transmission can also be used to assist the diagnosis. Caries caries reached: the formation of cavity shallow dentin, the dentin softening yellow or dark brown. There are subjective symptoms, irritation, soreness, irritation, removal, symptoms immediately disappeared. The symptoms of cervical dentin caries are more obvious. Deep caries: the cavity is deep and deep, reaching the deep layer of the dentin. The deep caries located near the surface has slight change of color and appearance, and the hole is smaller and the lesion is very deep. No spontaneous pain, if food impaction in the cave, there may be pain. Cold and chemical stimulation