日光温室夏季休闲期间的土壤管理对可溶性氮的影响 王群艳1，隋方功 .docVIP

日光温室夏季休闲期间的土壤管理对可溶性氮的影响 王群艳1，隋方功1，李俊良1,2，梁 斌1,2* 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东 青岛 266109 山东省水肥一体化工程技术研究中心，山东 青岛 266109 摘要：日光温室夏季休闲期间大水漫灌和高温闷棚是普遍的土壤处理措施，该过程灌水多、温度高，对氮素循环影响大。为了探明休闲期间土壤管理对氮素保持与损失的影响，通过田间试验揭示夏季休闲期间大水漫灌、高温闷棚对不同灌溉施肥模式（滴灌漫灌）和不同有机物料还田处理（单施有机肥、有机肥+小麦秸秆有机肥+玉米秸秆）土壤可溶性氮的影响。结果表明：作物收获后，滴灌模式和漫灌模式下各处理平均w（矿质氮）分别为103.9和68.6 mg/kg，大水漫灌使滴灌模式下0~30 cm土层w(矿质氮)显著30%，漫灌模式下w(矿质氮)变化不大。日光温室夏季休闲期w(SON)(SON为可溶性有机氮)为16.3~69.1 mg/kg，占可溶性总氮比例为~48%。大水漫灌使滴灌和漫灌模式下w(SON)分别显著增加2.和2.倍；高温闷棚使滴灌和漫灌模式下w(SON)显著降低107.1和72.4 kg/hm2，降幅分别为，同时w(矿质氮)分别显著增加117.9和126.7 kg/hm2，土壤氮素矿化速率分别为1.7和1.8 mg/(kg·d)。与单施有机肥相比，长期有机肥配施玉米或小麦秸秆显著增加滴灌模式下w(矿质氮)，对w(SON)无影响。综上，休闲期间的土壤管理对土壤表层氮素含量的影响较大，其中大水漫灌容易造成滴灌模式下残留氮素的大量损失，随后的高温闷棚加速了SON的矿化。 关键词：可溶性氮；秸秆还田；滴灌；漫灌 中图分类号：X144 Effect of Soil Management on Soluble Nitrogen in a Sunlit Greenhouse during the Summer Fallow WANG Qunyan1, SUI Fanggong1, LI Junliang1,2, LIANG Bin1,2* 1. School of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China 2. Shandong Engineering Research Center for Integrated management of Water and Fertilizer, Qingdao 266109, China Abstract: Closing a high-temperature plastic greenhouse after flood irrigation is a widely used and effective method of soil sterilization during summer fallow, and it may affect the soil N cycle. The goal of this study was to reveal the effects of soil sterilization measures on soil mineral N and soluble organic N (SON) after different long-term applications of organic materials based on drip and flood irrigation modes. The results showed that the mineral N content during summer fallow was 103.9 and 68.6 mg/kg under drip and flood irrigation modes, respectively. Flood irrigation before closing the plastic greenhouse significantly decreased the mineral nitrogen content of the soil by 30% under drip irrigation mode but had no effect on mineral nitrogen under flood irrigation mode. The soluble organic N content of the soil during summer fallow ranged from 16.3~69.1 mg/kg and accounted for 15%~48% of the total