perfluorinated compounds are related to breast cancer risk in greenlandic inuit a case control study全氟化合物在格陵兰因纽特人乳腺癌风险相关病例对照研究.pdf

Bonefeld-Jorgensen et al. Environmental Health 2011, 10:88 /content/10/1/88 RESEARCH Open Access Perfluorinated compounds are related to breast cancer risk in Greenlandic Inuit: A case control study 1* 1 2 3 2 1 Eva C Bonefeld-Jorgensen , Manhai Long , Rossana Bossi , Pierre Ayotte , Gert Asmund , Tanja Krüger , 1 4 4 4 3 Mandana Ghisari , Gert Mulvad , Peder Kern , Peter Nzulumiki and Eric Dewailly Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer for women in the western world. From very few cases an extraordinary increase in BC was observed in the Inuit population of Greenland and Canada although still lower than in western populations. Previous data suggest that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) might contribute to the risk of BC. Rat studies showed that perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) cause significantly increase in mammary fibroadenomas. This study aimed at evaluating the association between serum levels of POPs/PFCs in Greenlandic Inuit BC cases and their controls, and whether the combined POP related effect on nuclear hormone receptors affect BC risk. Methods: Thirty-one BC cases and 115 controls were sampled during 2000-2003 from various Greenlandic districts. The serum levels of POPs, PFCs, some metals and the combined serum POP related effect on estrogen- (ER), androgen- (AR) and Ah-receptor (AhR) transactivity were determined. Independent student t-test was used to compare the differences and the odds ratios were estimated by unconditional logistic regression models. Results: We observed for the very first time a significant association betw