restricted maximum likelihood to estimate variance components for animal models with several random effects using a derivative-free algorithm限制极大似然估计为动物模型与几个随机效应方差组件使用derivative-free算法.pdfVIP

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restricted maximum likelihood to estimate variance components for animal models with several random effects using a derivative-free algorithm限制极大似然估计为动物模型与几个随机效应方差组件使用derivative-free算法.pdf

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restricted maximum likelihood to estimate variance components for animal models with several random effects using a derivative-free algorithm限制极大似然估计为动物模型与几个随机效应方差组件使用derivative-free算法

Original article Restricted maximum likelihood to estimate variance components for animal models with several random effects using a derivative-free algorithm K. Meyer Edinburgh University, Institute of Animal Genetics, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Scotland, UK (received 21 March 1988, accepted 11 January 1989) Summary - A method is described for the simultaneous estimation of variance compo- nents due to several genetic and environmental effects from unbalanced data by restricted maximum likelihood (REML). Estimates are obtained by evaluating the likelihood explic- itly and using standard, derivative-free optimization procedures to locate its maximum. The model of analysis considered is the so-called Animal Model which includes the ad- ditive genetic merit of animals as a random effect, and incorporates all information on relationships between animals. Furthermore, random effects in addition to animals’ ad- ditive genetic effects, such as maternal genetic, dominance or permanent environmental effects are taken into account. Emphasis is placed entirely upon univariate analyses. Sim- ulation is employed to investigate the efficacy of three different maximization techniques and the scope for approximation of sampling errors. Computations are illustrated with a numerical example. variance components - restricted maximum likelihood - animal model - additional random effects - derivative - free approach Résumé - Utilisation du maximum de vraisemblance restreint et d’un algorithme sans dérivation, pour estimer les composantes de variance d’un caractère, selon un modèle animal avec plusieurs effets aléatoires. On décrit une méthode pour estimer simultanément les composantes de la uartance d’un seul caractère, dues au milieu ou plusieurs effets génétiques. La méthode admet des données non équilibrées et se fonde sur le maximum de vraisemblance restreint («REML»).