context-dependent links between song production and opioid-mediated analgesia in male european starlings (sturnus vulgaris)上下文相关的歌曲之间的联系生产和opioid-mediated镇痛在男性欧洲椋鸟(sturnus寻常的).pdfVIP

Context-Dependent Links between Song Production and Opioid-Mediated Analgesia in Male European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) Cynthia A. Kelm-Nelson*, Sharon A. Stevenson, Lauren V. Riters Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America Abstract Little is known about the neural mechanisms that ensure appropriate vocal behaviors within specific social contexts. Male songbirds produce spontaneous (undirected) songs as well as female-directed courtship songs. Opioid neuropeptide activity in specific brain