混合动力挖掘机.pdf

基于混合动力技术的液压挖掘机节能方案研究 王冬云,潘双夏,林 潇,管 成 (浙江大学 机械与能源工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027) 摘要:为了进一步提高液压挖掘机的节能效果，提出了以混合动力源代替传统单一柴油机动力系 统的新型节能方法。通过分析液压挖掘机的工况特点和发动机工作点波动情况，证明了混合动 力技术在液压挖掘机节能中的必要性和可行性。建立了 5t 级串、并联混合动力挖掘机的仿真模 型，并以采集的同等级动力配置的液压挖掘机工作负载作为仿真的载荷谱。以模型仿真和试验 测试为研究手段，对比分析了原型系统、串/并联混合动力系统的节能效果、系统成本和动力性 能，提出了并联式混合动力系统是目前最适合液压挖掘机的节能方案的结论。仿真和试验结果 表明该方案能进一步提高液压挖掘机的节能效果。 关键词:混合动力;串联/并联;液压挖掘机;节能 中图分类号:TH137 文献标识码：A Research on the energy saving scheme of hydraulic excavator based on hybrid technology WANG Dong-yun,PAN Shuang-xia,LIN Xiao,GUAN Cheng (Mechanical and Energy Engineering School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027,China) Abstract: In order to further improve fuel efficiency of hydraulic excavators, a new energy saving scheme that the hybrid power source replaces the conventional single diesel engine is proposed. After the load condition of the hydraulic excavators and the distribution of the engine working point were studied, the necessity and feasibility of hybrid technology for hydraulic excavator are demonstrated. The matlab/Simulink Models of the two kinds of hybrid excavators are developed which use the load data collected from a real 5t excavator as the load input. Based on the simulation and experiment methods , the energy saving effect ,manufacture cost and power performance of the three kinds of power train systems are compared. The results show that the parallel configuration is the most suitable technology for hydraulic excavator energy saving. It can achieve the goal of higher fuel efficiency and better system performance. Key words: hybrid power train; series and parallel; hydraulic excavator; energy saving 0 引言 伴随温室效应带来的全球升温现象，节能减排已经成为工程机械领域研究的迫切问题。传统的 节能方法主要集中于液压系统的改进和发动机与负载的功率匹配两个方面。其中液压系统改进主要 通过电液比例控制技术，提高液压系统性能实现节能目标。前后出现过正流量控制系统，负流量控 制系统，负荷传感控制系统等。日本小松用于其著名的PC系列挖掘机上的OLSS[1](open