电气工程专业英语chapter 8 Power System Protective Relaying.pdfVIP

CHAPTER 8 POWER SYSTEM PROTECTIVE RALAYING 8-1 Introduction Economic considerations preclude the construction of power systems that are totally free of disturbances. Power systems can operate normally only when no major disturbances exist. Certain types f major disturbances, such as short circuits, can cause widespread damage to the power system. The purpose of the relay system is to protect the power system during periods of disturbance. Thus the protective relay system must be able to distinguish between disturbances from which the power system can recover and disturbances from which it cannot. The relay system must isolate those disturbances from which the power system cannot recover. Isolation generally means the disconnection of faulty equipment from the power system. A good relay system de-energizes the minimum amount of the power system to isolate the equipment in minimum time. Once adequate generation, transmission, and distribution are provided, the next most important component of a reliable power system is the relay system. A power system cannot long exist without a relay system to disconnect faulted equipment. Relay systems, to some extent, have existed as long as operating power systems. The early relay systems were sufficiently primitive to require human operator intervention. As power systems became more complex, relay systems grew more sophisticated. Presently, the application of protective relays to power systems is highly developed, and many engineers have devoted their entire professional lives to its study. A number of excellent books have been written on the subject. The material presented here is merely a cursory introduction to give the reader some