从复杂演化经济学的视角看中国的历史与未来.pptVIP

* * * * * Smith Dilemma Smith Theory – Invisible Hand (Competitive Market) Smith Theorem – Division of labor is limited by the market extent Smith Dilemma – Incompatibility between Smith Theory and Smith Theorem (Stigler 1951) Complexity Puzzle Biologists believe that increasing complexity would increase stability because the fittest survives Math modeling in cybernetics (Gardner Ashby 1970) and theoretical ecology (May 1973) indicate that increasing complexity would decreasing stability Trade-off theory between complexity and stability (Chen 1987) The Generalized Smith Theorem (Chen 1999,20