WirelessChannelPart 3无线信道.ppt

* Wireless Communications Multipath Propagation Important channel parameters Doppler Spread and Coherence Time Different Fading Channels (channel classification) Small-Scale Measurements and Simulations * Multipath Propagation Multiple waves arrive at the receiver Delay spread Doppler shift Angle spread Influencing factors Speed of the mobile Speed of surrounding objects Signal bandwidth * Doppler frequency shift E-field The frequency shift experienced by a moving vehicle Frequency increases when moving towards the base station Frequency decreases when moving away from the base station Doppler shift increases the signal bandwidth Multipath Propagation * Multipath Propagation Impulse response model Time variant model h(t, ?) c(t) and r(t) are the complex envelopes of x(t) and y(t) (a) Bandpass channel model; (b) baseband equivalent channel model. * Multipath Propagation Time variant impulse response model Time invariant model (Quasi-static) * Multipath Propagation Delay Spread ?? The standard deviation of the distribution of multipath signal amplitudes and delay times * Example of indoor power delay profile Multipath Propagation * Multipath Propagation Typical measured values of RMS delay spread * Coherent Bandwidth f0 Statistical measure of the range of frequencies over which the channel can be considered constant, or ‘flat’ The bandwidth over which two frequencies have a strong potential for amplitude correlation Coherence Bandwidth is best measured, but it can be approximated as: Multipath Propagation * Degradation Categories due to Delay Spread Frequency Selective Fading W f0 Flat Fading W f0 Multipath Propagation * Delay Spread and Coherence Bandwidth Example * Doppler Spread and Coherence Time Coherent Time Doppler Spread, fm , is the maximum Doppler Shift Coherence Time, T0 , is the time domain dual of Doppler Spread Coherence Time is the time duration over which two received signals have a strong potentia