日光温室气温变化规律研究.docVIP

日光温室气温变化规律研究 　　摘要 为了解日光温室冬春室内外的气温变化规律，合理调控日光温室气温，提高农产品产量和品质，利用廊坊永清县海泽田农业园区2015年1―5月观测的室内外试验数据，对不同天气类型下室内外气温变化规律进行分析研究。结果表明：试验期内室内外气温总体变化趋势一致，温室内外气温差异受太阳辐射和人为因素共同影响。不同天气类型下白天温室气温变化速度表现为晴天多云阴天，试验期内单日最低气温与日出时间有关，一般出现在日出前1～2 h内。不同天气类型下温室内外气温相关性显著，相关性表现为阴天晴天多云天。 　　关键词 日光温室；不同天气类型；气温；变化规律；相关性 　　中图分类号 S161.2；P423.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2016）23-0205-03 　　Abstract In order to understand the temperature change laws of greenhouse in winter and spring，to control the temperature of greenhouse and to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products，the experiment was performed indoor and outdoor in Yongqing Haizetian Agricultural Park in Langfang City from January to May，2015. The indoor and outdoor temperature change laws under different weather conditions were analyzed. The result showed that the indoor temperature trend was consistent with that of outdoor throughout the experiment，the temperature difference between the inside and outside the greenhouse was affected by solar radiation.Under different weather conditions，the greenhouse temperature change rates in the daytime were as follow：sunny daycloudy dayovercast. The minimum temperature in a single day during the experimental period was related to the sunrise time，which usually appeared in 1～2 hours before sunrise.There were significant correlations between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature in different weather types，the correlation appeared in the order of overcastsunny daycloudy day. 　　Key words greenhouse；different weather types；temperature；change laws；correlation 　　日光温室是在自然条件不适合农作物生长的情况下，依靠日光升温和保温措施为农作物提供适宜生长的温湿条件。目前，塑料日光温室内的小气候虽然可以进行人工调控，但温室的主要能源来自太阳辐射，内部环境的变化在很大程度上仍受外界天气变化的影响[1]。因此，掌握日光温室内气温的变化规律并制定相应的管理措施，可以最大限度地提高光能利用率，提高农产品产量和品质[2]。 　　近年来，有不少学者针对温室气温变化开展了研究。胡婧娟等[3]?υ蕉?期日光温室空气温度的变化特性进行研究，研究表明越冬期内日光温室增温效果良好，并且室内气温与室外气温具有较好的相关关系，可用室外气温预测室内气温。杨艳超等[4]对山东莱芜日光温室冬春季不同天气类型下逐月气温变化进行研究，得出温室内外气温相关性最好是在阴天且冬季温室内增温效果显著。武艳娟[5]对呼和浩特市厚墙体日光温室冬季小气候特征进行分析研究，得出室内气温在不同天气类型下的变化均呈“单峰”型，白天气温变化速度总体表现为晴天多云阴天。吴 敏