华电博士英语课程Unit-3Abstract-(I).ppt

Unit 3 Abstract (I) Topical Highlights General Functions of Abstract: Linguistic Features of Abstract: Writing Requirements for Abstract: Special Attention: vocabulary (2) Theme Presentation 1. General Functions of Abstract 1) Miniaturizing the Text Condesed statement a short, concise highly generalized text, as a mini-version or a miniature of the document, the content of the main body. a useful tool in searching for information, readers to identify the basic content determine its relevance to their interest 2) Deciding Yes or No influence the papers acceptance to a learned journal 3) Expanding the Circulation an abstract more widely read than the document itself. circulated much wider and farther producing wider and deeper academic influence than the full text of the paper. To sum up, a good choice of information elements makes the abstract a potent and influential piece of microliterature in two kinds of situations. First, it frames the writers ideas for readers. Second, it identifies the writers contribution 2. Linguistic Features of Abstract 1) Limited Length 200 words :long paper or report, never more than 500 words; 50 — 100 words for short article. an abstract 3 — 5% of the length of the paper, seldom more than 2/3rds of a page. 2) Categories of Abstracts three categories: descriptive, informational, and informational-indicative. (1) Descriptive (Indicative) Abstracts general subject matter of the document tells the paper or report contains a descriptive abstract entitled The Design of a High-efficiency Solar Energy System. Exercise 3-1 Abstract The successful design of cost-effective solar energy systems depends mainly on the development of higher conversion efficiencies. A theory is given for the thermal performance of a new solar collector array that combines reflected and refracted light rays. The theory is applied to the design of a complete system for solar heating of a building. Dynamic op