江苏省镇江市丹徒区2017年度中考英语复习定语从句试题（无答案）.docVIP

定语从句 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 其中被修饰的名称或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词引出 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)关系副词where。关系词常有三个作用：1引导定语从句 2.代替先行词 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在定语从句中做主语做宾语时可省略。(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3) The man（who/whom） you met just now is my friend. ★2.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) .that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 () The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) () Where is the man （that/whom ）I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语). whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. . whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose . whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 注：that 用法 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 () 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that。 () 先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last, just修饰时，只用that。 () 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. () 先行词既有人，又有物时，只用that。 () 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时 只用that。 Who that breaks the window should be punished． 谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚． All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。 不用that的情况 (a) 介词后不能用。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. △三、关系副词引导定语从句 关系副词 关系副词：在句中作状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... w