钻井工程师lecture.pptVIP

PE3043-FALL/2002Introduction Drilling Team Drilling Rigs Rig Power System Hoisting System Circulating System Introduction What we want to do is: To make a hole! But we have to make it economically and safely Reading Assignment: Chap1. Introductioncont’d Rotary Rigs Actually Making Hole For the week ending 16 August 2002 Introductioncont’d International Rotary Rigs Running Monthly Average for June 2002 Drill at Sea Drill at Sea Drilling crews have to operate through the depth of the sea water column. Climates Environments Corrosive to machines Limited Storage space Vessel dynamic positioning And, $$$ Drill at Sea Drilling Rigs Jack-up Unit Semi-Submersible Drilling Rig Semi-Submersible Drilling Rig The lower the pontoons lie beneath the surface of the water, the less they are affected by wave action. This reduces vertical movement and allows drilling to continue in moderately rough seas.? A semi-submersible vessel is normally held in position by up to eight very large anchors, or by dynamic positioning. Dynamic positioning systems use computer controlled directional propellers to keep the vessel stationary relative to the sea-bed, compensating for wind, wave or current.? Semi-submersibles can drill in water depths to 300 meters or more all year round.? Drillship Drillship Summaryafter Evans (1995) Schematic of Equipment for Marine Drilling Operations Subsea Equipment Installation Procedure Spread Mooring System Land Based Drilling Mobile Typical Drilling Rig Organizations Main Rig Components Power System Hoisting System Fluid Circulating System Rotary System Well Control System Well Monitoring System The Rotary Drilling Process Power System Most rig power is consumed by the hoisting and fluid circulating systems Diesel-electric rigs Generate electricity, through electric motors Simple, flexible Direct-drive rigs Use gears, chains, belts, and clutches to transmit power Power Output Heat energy input to the engine Heating Value of Various Fuels Example 1.1 A die