计算机网络(自顶向下方法)配套课件Chapter7.ppt

Multimedia and Quality of Service: What is it? Chapter 7: goals Principles classify multimedia applications identify network services applications need making the best of best effort service Protocols and Architectures specific protocols for best-effort mechanisms for providing QoS architectures for QoS Chapter 7 outline 7.1 multimedia networking applications 7.2 streaming stored audio and video 7.3 making the best out of best effort service 7.4 protocols for real-time interactive applications RTP,RTCP,SIP 7.5 providing multiple classes of service 7.6 providing QoS guarantees MM Networking Applications Fundamental characteristics: typically delay sensitive end-to-end delay delay jitter loss tolerant: infrequent losses cause minor glitches antithesis of data, which are loss intolerant but delay tolerant. Classes of MM applications: 1) stored streaming 2) live streaming 3) interactive, real-time Streaming Stored Multimedia Streaming Stored Multimedia: What is it? Streaming Stored Multimedia: Interactivity Streaming Live Multimedia Examples: Internet radio talk show live sporting event Streaming (as with streaming stored multimedia) playback buffer playback can lag tens of seconds after transmission still have timing constraint Interactivity fast forward impossible rewind, pause possible! Real-Time Interactive Multimedia end-end delay requirements: audio: 150 msec good, 400 msec OK includes application-level (packetization) and network delays higher delays noticeable, impair interactivity session initialization how does callee advertise its IP address, port number, encoding algorithms? Multimedia Over Today’s Internet TCP/UDP/IP: “best-effort service” no guarantees on delay, loss How should the Internet evolve to better support multimedia? Integrated services philosophy: fundamental changes in Internet so that apps can reserve end-to-end bandwidth requires new, complex software in hosts routers Laissez-faire no major changes more bandwidth when neede