毕业设计：一种开关型稳压电源设计.doc

目 录 摘 要···············································3 第1章 绪 论········································4 1.1 开关电源的发展历史························4 1.2我国开关电源历程 PWM开关电源的基本原理······················11 2.1 PWM开关电源的组成模块····················11 2.2 PWM开关电源的基本原理····················12 第3章 设计思想与方案论证·························15 3.1 设计思想·································15 3.2方案论证··································15 3.2.1方案选择····························15 3.2.2方案论证····························19 第4章 系统设计···································22 4.1技术指标··································22 4.2输入整流电路和滤波电路设计················22 4.3变压器····································27 4.4自激振荡电路组成··························30 4.5输出整流和滤波电路························30 4.5.1 输出直流电压的形成···················31 4.5.2半波整流电路·························31 4.5.3?电容滤波·····························34 4.6稳压电路设计······························34 4.6.1 稳压电路的组成······················35 4.6.2 TL431特性及应用摘 要 电源是电路设计的基础，设计开关电源必须综合考虑成本、解决方案、尺寸、电源大小与所需输出功率等因素，在使用开关电源的过程中要运用正确的方法并注意安全。这篇文章主要介绍了在开关电源设计与使用过程中的一些体会，即如何选用设计所需元件，实现开关电源功能过程中的几点注意及使用开关电源中的注意事项，并通过实例进行说明。 关 键 字 开关电源，自激振荡，稳压 Summary The power supply is the foundation of the electric circuit design.The switch power supply should be considered the cost, solution, size,value ,power and so on in the design. This article mainly introduces the experience of the design and use of the switch power supply, that is how to choose the component that design need, and attentions we should pay to the use and the realization of the functions of the switch power supply,and then it is explained through an example. Keyword switch power supply，autoexcitation,regulators 第1章 绪 论 随着全球对能源问题的重视，电子产品的耗能问题将愈来愈突出，如何降低其待机功耗，提高供电效率成为一个急待解决的问题。传统的线性稳压电源虽然电路结构简单、工作可靠，但它存在着效率低（只有40%－50%）、体积大、铜铁消耗量大，工作温度高及调整范围小等缺点。为了提高效率，人们研制出了开关式稳压电源，它的效率可达85%以上，稳压范围宽，除此之外，还具有稳压精度高、不使用电源变压器等特点，是一种较理想的稳压电源。正因为如此，开关式稳压电源已广泛应用于各种电子设备中开关稳压电源（以下简称开关电源）取代晶体管线性稳压电源（以下简称线性电源）已有30多年历史，最早出现的是串联型开关电源，其主电路拓扑与线性电源相仿，但功率晶体管作于开关状态后脉宽调制（PWM）控制