自动化集装箱码头自动导引小车与轨道式龙门起重机的协同调度.docVIP

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自动化集装箱码头自动导引小车与轨道式龙门起重机的协同调度.doc

自动化集装箱码头自动导引小车与轨道式龙门起重机的协同调度   摘要:为解决自动导引小车(Automated Guided Vehicle,AGV)与轨道式龙门起重机(RailMounted Gantry Crane, RMG)的协同调度问题,考虑AGV和RMG的任务分配约束,以卸船作业最小完工时间为目标,建立混合整数规划(Mixed Integer Programming, MIP)模型.改变AGV,岸桥和箱区数量的配置,得出不同条件下的完工时间.对该问题设计两组算例:小规模算例采用CPLEX软件和遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)分别进行求解,通过结果对比验证GA的有效性;大规模算例采用GA求解,给出自动化码头设备调度优化方案.分析结果表明,卸船完工时间随着卸船任务量的增加而增加,随着AGV,岸桥和箱区数量的增加而减少,且AGV和岸桥数量的增加对完工时间的影响大于箱区数量的增加时完工数量的影响.   关键词: 自动导引小车(AGV); 堆场箱区; 协同调度; 混合整数规划(MIP); 遗传算法(GA)   中图分类号: U656.135; U691.34   文献标志码: A   Abstract: For the integrated scheduling issue of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and RailMounted Gantry Cranes (RMGs), a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model is proposed so as to minimize the makespan of unloading operation with task allocation constraints of AGVs and RMGs. Changing the numbers of AGVs, quay cranes and blocks, the makespans under different conditions are obtained. Two groups of examples are performed. The smallsized examples are solved by CPLEX software and Genetic Algorithm (GA) respectively, and the validity of GA is verified by comparing the results. The largesized examples are solved only using GA, and the equipment scheduling scheme at an automated container terminal is given. The results show that the makespan increases with the increase of unloading task, and decreases with the increase of the numbers of AGVs, quay cranes and blocks, where the effects of the increase of the numbers of AGVs and quay cranes on the makespan are greater than that of the increase of the number of blocks.   Key words: Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV); block; integrated scheduling; Mixed Integer Programming (MIP); Genetic Algorithm (GA)   0 引 言   由于?诙?力成本上升、船舶大型化和码头作业高效化等多重原因的影响,国内外已经掀起了自动化集装箱码头(简称自动化码头)研究的热潮.近年来,自动化码头成为中国各港口重点建设对象,如:厦门远海自动化码头已建成,目前处于调试阶段;上海洋山四期自动化码头正在建设中. 自动导引小车(Automated Guided Vehicle,AGV)是一种典型的水平运输设备,装备有电磁、激光等自动导引装置,沿着规定的导引路径在岸桥与堆场间来回作业,完成集装箱装卸任务.本文针对卸船作业过程,研究AGV与轨道式龙门起重机(RailMounted Gantry Crane,RMG)的协同调度问题.   目前,国内外学者对自动化码头AGV调度已有一定的研究

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