船舶设备测量原则Measurement.ppt

* * THANK YOU * * POWER EQUIPMENT INSTRUCTOR: ROBERT A. MCLAUGHLIN ZAILI THEO ZHAO PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENTS * * LEARNING OBJECTIVES Understanding of the basic principles involved in accurate measurements of temperature, fluid flow, and volume. Identify the principles and instruments used in measuring: temperature, pressure, fluid flow, liquid level, shaft rotational speed, specific gravity, and viscosity. Identify and determine the four (4) fundamental dimensions. Examine the four (4) temperature scales and conversions. Identify pressure measurement devices and fluid flow equipment. Identify and illustrate various shaft rotational speed measuring devices. * * PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT Nearly all of our units of measurement are derived from four fundamental dimensions. Length Time Mass (force or weight) Temperature Length, time, and mass are mechanical dimensions. Temperature is in a separate category because it is not a mechanical dimension and is closely associated with thermodynamic principles * * MARINE AND POWER INDUSTRYFUNDAMENTAL DIMENSIONS Pressure is measured with: Bellows / Bourdon tube / Liquid devices Temperature is measured with Thermometer / Resistance devices / Pyrometers Fluid Flow measured with Turbine meter Liquid level measured with Float / U-tubes - Tape Rotational Speed measured with Mechanical means / Tachometers Viscosity Measured with Saybolt orifice Specific Gravity Hydrometer * * MECHANICAL DIMENSIONSBROKEN DOWN INTO TWO TYPES Absolute Mass - A measure of the quantity of matter in an object or body, completely independent of the force of gravity- the mass of an object is the same everywhere. Gravitational To be entirely accurate it has to a specified location on the surface of the earth. Weight W = m × g W = weight M = mass g = acceleration due to gravity g is almost constant at or near the surface of the earth g = 32 ft/sec2 = 9.81 m/sec2 * * TWO BASIC SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENTS