现代英国王室的历史简介英文版.doc

英国女王 Queen Elizabeth II Real name: Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor Birth: 21 April 1926 in London Children: 3 sons, 1 daughter The Role of the Monarch Before the English Bourgeois Revolution: (1) He personally exercised supreme executive, legislative and judicial power. (2) He manipulated the election of the Archbishop. (3) He could grant lands and wealth to his favorites. (4) He could appoint his followers to important positions. (5) He conferred noble titles. (6) He could have anyone arrested, put into prison or to death. What powers does the Queen have? Superficially, she is: 1) official head of state 2) head of the legal system of Britain 3) head of the judiciary 3) commander-in-chief of the armed forces 4) head of the Church of England She appoints the Prime Minister, ministers, and important officials and officers. ----- She presides the great state functions ----- She gives many important honors and awards. ----- She concludes treaties and declares war. ----- She remits all or part of the sentence passed on a criminal by granting a ‘royal pardon赦免令 ’. A less well known role of the Queen, which is nevertheless very important to British politics, is that of a confidante to the Prime Minister. Her long experience and her politically neutrality make her a good source of informed observation on the day to day problems of governance The culture of the United Kingdom is rich and varied, and has been influential on culture on a worldwide scale. It is a European state, and has many cultural links with its former colonies, particularly those that use the English language (the Anglosphere). Considerable contributions to British culture have been made over the last half-century by immigrants from the Indian Subcontinent and the West Indies. The origins of the UK as a political union of formerly independent states has resulted in the preservation of distinctive cultures in each of the home nations. Language Main article: Languages in the United Kingdom