针对轴承非线性动力特性的水电机组轴系建模的分析研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 大型水轮发电机组运行的稳定性和可靠性一直倍受人们关注。对机组进行尽可能 精确的动力学分析，不仅对正确的设计是必要的，而且对机组的安全运行、故障诊断、 延时维修也同样非常重要。水轮发电机组的主轴系统是一个具有局部非线性的多自由 度系统。目前对此类系统动力特性的研究方法主要有传递矩阵法，时域积分法和有限 元分析法。神经网络作为模仿人脑思维运算的新一代处理机，是一种大规模自适应非 线性运算系统，具有对发电机组轴系进行建模的潜质。 本文运用一种前向型神经网络――径向基函数(RBF) 网络对水轮发电机组轴系中 非线性特性最强的轴承进行建模研究。根据滑动轴承工作原理，从轴承工作参数中筛 选出与轴承作用力相关的物理量，并进行适当处理，作为径向基函数神经网络的输入 参量，建立了从轴承工作参数到轴承作用力的映射关系。结合 RBF 网络的几种基本 学习算法和 RBF 网络的生理学特性，对一种免疫在线学习算法进行改进，总结出了 适合模拟滑动轴承作用特性的 RBF 网络在线学习算法。并将成果运用在基于Riccati 传递矩阵法所建的轴系整体模型中，得出了导轴承处的轴心轨迹。验证了用 RBF 网 络建立轴承模型的可行性，为进一步建立整个轴系的神经网络模型打下基础。 关键词： 水轮发电机组; 轴系; 轴承; 油膜力; 神经网络; 径向基函数; 学习算法 I Abstract The running stability and reliability of large water turbine generator set is extremely noticed by people. It is not only necessary for accurately design but also important for running in security, malfunction diagnose and maintain to do the dynamics analyse as accurate as possible. The rotor-bearing system of water turbine generator set is multi-degrees of freedom system with partial nonlinearity. So far, the research methods on dynamics characteristic of this kind of system mainly have transfer matrix method, integration time-domain method, finite element method. As a new type of computer which simulates the thinking of brain, Neural Network is a massive Self-adapt nonlinear calculation system. It has the potential to build the water turbine generator set rotor-bearing system model. In this thesis, a kind of Feed-forward Neural NetworkRBFNN has been used to do the research on bearing modeling, which is the most nonlinear device in the rotor-bearing system of water turbine gen