数据通信与网络基本概念.pptVIP

Chapter 2 BASIC CONCEPTS General concept 2.1 Line configuration（线路配置） 2.2 Topology（拓扑结构） 2.3 Transmission mode（传输模式） 2.4 Categories of networks（网络类型） 2.5 Internetworks（网际互联） 2.1 Line Configuration Line configuration refers to the way two or more communication devices attach to a link. A link is the physical communication pathway that transfers data from one device to another. Categories of Line Configuration 2.1.1 Point-to-Point(点到点连接) A point-to-point line configuration provides a dedicated link between two devices 2.1.1 Point-to-Point 2.1.2 Multipoint(多点连接) A multipoint (also called multidrop) line configuration is one in which more than two specific devices share a single link. 2.1.2 Multipoint Share a single link：两个以上的设备共享一条链路 The manner of shared channel capacity: spatially(空分) ,temporally(时分) Spatially shared line configuration:多个设备同时使用链路 Time shared line configuration:用户排队使用链路 2.2 Topology Topology refer to the way a network is laid out, either physically or logically. ※Two or more devices connect to a link; two or more links form a topology. 2.2 TOPOLOGY There are five basic topologies possible : mesh, star, tree, bus and ring. 2.2 TOPOLOGY The relationship of devices to be linked: Peer to peer(对等式) :设备平等的共享链路。 ring and mesh topology primary-secondary(主从式): 主设备控制通信过程。 star and tree ※Bus topology is equally convenient for either 2.2.1 Mesh（网状拓扑） 2.2.1 Mesh In a mesh topology , every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every other device. The term dedicated means that the link carries traffic only between the two devices it connects. A fully connected mesh network therefore has n(n-1)/2 physical channels to link n devices. Every device on the network must have n-1 input/output (I/O) ports Advantages: The use of dedicated links guarantees that each connection can carry its data load, thus eliminating the traffic problems that can occur when links must be shared by multiple devices robust. If one link becomes unusable, it does