专四14年知识点.doc

专四词汇、语法 2014 Part III 副词辨析 surprisingly adv. 出人意料地； slowly adv. 缓慢地； obviously adv. 明显地； increasingly adv.越来越多地 动词辨析 contribute to...贡献；inform of...通知；conceive v.设想；spread v.传播 define v. 给……下定义； limit v.限制；control v.控制；dictate v.决定，支配，影响 Design v. 设计→制作某物之前深思熟虑地构思 eg. It was he that designed the garden Create v. 创造→有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物 eg. We’ve created a beautiful new building out of an old ruin. invent v.发明→通过想象、研究、劳动，创造出前所未有的东西，尤其指科技上的发明创造 eg. Edison invented the light bulb. Compensate v.补偿；repair v.修理；mend v.修理；moderate v.节制，变暖和 Flap=move quickly up and down or from side to side Move v.移动，强调位置的改变；shook v.摇晃；stir v.上下搅动，使混合 （注意看是否有搭配在选择） 形容词辨析 contrast v./n.对比；clear apparent marked都可以表示“清楚的，清晰的”：clear侧重于内容或表达清楚明白的，apparent侧重于强调某种现象是十分明显的，marked表示“显著的”，能突显两者差异。 practical a.实用的，实际的；worthwhile a.值得做的；useful a.有用的；possible a.可能的 Standard a.标准的；difficult a.困难；dreadful a.可怕的；controlled a.受控的，受约束的 Certain a.某些，某一；some a.大约 Continuous a.持续的，连绵不断的；secure a.安全的，稳当的；safe a.未破坏的、危险或伤害的；good a.好的，稳定的 Fair a.浅色的，与light 相近 Sluggish: move or operate more slowly than usual and with less energy or power指行动缓慢的，反应迟缓的；inactive a.不活跃的，停滞的；sick a.生病的；dizzy a.晕眩的；drowsy a.昏昏欲睡的 Conceivable a.可以想象的； 介词辨析 upon prep. 根据，接近，在……至上；over prep. 越过，从头至尾，在……之上；for prep. 为了，因为；with prep. 表伴随，作状语；for prep. 为了，因为 固定搭配 Gone were/ are the days...倒装句式→The days when .... were gone be servant to...受制于... .名词辨析 Period n.时期，周期；pattern n.模式；practice n.实践，惯例 Culture n.文化；behavior n.行为；habit n.习惯；custom n.习俗 Presence n.存在；trend n.趋势；increase n.增长；rise n.兴起 calibre - quality: the level of quality or ability that someone or something has achieved Criterion n. 标准； qualification n.资格；level n.水平 level of English By virtue of... 由于，凭借；资历seniority: the importance and power that a person has compared with others；age n.年龄；service n.服务；rank n.等级 Criticize n.批评；ignore n.忽视；betray n.背叛；deceive v.欺骗 Suspending 终止；suspender 吊裤带，悬挂物 短语理解 Turn one’s back on=ig