模拟联合国专业词汇.doc

A 弃权 ? Abstain 在一个关于实体性问题的投票中，代表除了可以选择“是”或者“否”，还可以选择“弃权”。这意味着此代表既不支持也不反对正在进行投票表决的决议。? During a vote on a substantive matter, a delegate may abstain rather than vote yes or no. This means that the delegate neither supports nor opposes the resolution on the go. 议程 ? Agenda 点名完毕后，委员会所设定的议题讨论顺序。 Agenda is the order of topics to be discussed in a conference, usually being set after the roll call. 修正案 ? Amendment 修正案是用来对正在讨论的决议草案提出修改意见的文件。修正案分为两种：友好修正案与非友好修正案。 Amendment is a form of document to amend a draft resolution. The two types of amendments are friendly amendment and unfriendly amendment. B 背景指导 ? Background Guide 背景指导是一份关于会议即将讨论议题的调研报告，一般由会议主席团撰写，并在会前分发给各国代表。 A background guide is a research report of topics on the conference written by the dais and distributed to the delegates before the conference. 约束力 Binding 约束力是指联合国决议对成员国具有法律效力。安理会决议和联合国国际法庭的判决是具有约束力的；而联合国大会和经社委员会的决议不具有约束力。 Binding is the legal force to impose UN resolutions on the Member States. Resolutions of Security Council and the Internaitonal Court of Justice are binding. Decisions made by the General Assembly and Economic and Social Council are non-binding. 国家集团 ? Bloc 一组处于同一地理区域或者就某一议题有类似观点的国家。组成国家集团的决定性因素是具有共同的国家利益。 A bloc is a group of countries within a same geographical region or holding similar country positions on a particular topic. The determining factor in forming a bloc is sharing the common national interests. 集团领导者 Bloc Leader 在一个国家集团中充当着领导者的代表。 A bloc leader is the delegate who plays the leading role in a bloc. C 磋商 ? Caucus 磋商是正式辩论过程中一种深入讨论议题的方式。磋商分为两种类型：有主持核心磋商和自由磋商。 Caucus is a form of discussion in formal debate, in which delegates may discuss a subtopic more specifically. There are two types of caucus: moderated caucus and un-moderated caucus. 主席 ? Chair 主席是负责主持辩论、计时、裁决问题及动议，并执行会议流程的主席团成员。 Chair is a member of the dais who is responsible for moderating debate, timing, ruling on points and motions, and imposing the rules of procedure. 委员会 Committee?? “委员会”是一个协商会议，一个由代表组成,按议事程序讨论议题并做出