八年级动词之主谓一致.doc

动词主谓一致（教师） 英文中主语和谓语必须在人称、数量方面保持一致，这就是主谓一致。当句子的主语涉及到不同的人称时，谓语动词的第一动词要与主语的人称和单复数保持一致。主谓一致的关键是判断主语是单数还是复数。 例：I raise my arm.我抬起我的手臂。 He raises his arm.他抬起他的手臂。 1. 主谓一致主要体现在主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变成相应的单数形式。动词第三人称单数的变化规则与名词单数变复数相同。 例：He buys a new bicycle.他买了一辆新的自行车。 They buy a new bicycle. 他们买了一辆新的自行车。 2. 谓语和主语的单复数一致，实际上只反映在第一个动词之上。 例：He has seen her in the garden.他在花园中见到了他。 I have seen her in the garden. 我在花园中见到了他。 规则总结 主谓一致的三个原则——语法一致、意义一致、就近一致，请见下表： 用 法 例 句 语 法 一 致 一、 视 名 词 中 心 词 的 数 而定 1. 主语为单数名词或单数第三人称代词时，谓语用单数。 The park is very beautiful. He works for a joint-venture. 2. 主语为one, one of, 由some, any, no, every构成的合成代词或more than one时，谓语用单数。 Nobody believes it. More than one book in my library has been stolen. 3. 主语为many a时，谓语用单数。 Many a clever boy has asked such silly questions. 4. each, either, neither, another作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Neither of them has taken away the book. 5. 主语为复数名词时，谓语一般用复数。 Many students like swimming. 6. 集合名词people, police等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 People were cheered and waved when the Prime Minister arrived at the airport. 7. 主语为a group(number)of + 复数名词时，谓语用复数。 A group of students have made this proposal. 8. and连接的两个或两个以上名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Jack and Peter come to see you. 9. 主语为a part of 时， 如果名词为复数，谓语用复数；a part of 后接不可数名词时，谓语用单数。 A large part of passengers were hurt in the accident. 10. 集合名词family, class等作主语时，如看作整体，谓语动词用单数；如强调个体，则谓语动词用复数。 My family has lived here for twenty years. The class are having a meeting. 11. 主语为单数或复数名词，后接together with, along with, accompanied by 或as well as 等，词组的数决定于作主语的名词中心词。 The actress, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party downtown this evening. 意 义 一 致 二 、只求内在含义的一致 12. 表示度量、时间等概念的复数名词作主语时，根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。 Ten dollars is not enough. Three years passes in no time at all in a quiet village. 13. 加s的名词作主语，如果该词含义为复数，谓语动词采取复数形式；含义为单数，谓语动词采取单数形式。 Politics is often a topic for discussion among us.（指政治这一课题） What are your politics?(指政治观点) 就 近 一 致 三、 谓语形式与最靠近它的主