《京华烟云》原文和译文比较.doc

《京华烟云》原文和译文比较 摘 要 Moment in Peking 是林语堂先生的英文原文小说，在 Moment in Peking 中，语言承载着林语堂向西方读者传播东方文化的重要使命。而对译本而言，语言又肩负着传达译者思想，吸引读者的艰巨任务。本文以多元系统理论为依托，针对文化多元系统中语言(词汇、句法和语态) 出发，举例分析张振玉译本和原文比较具有的特征。 关键词：林语堂；Moment in Peking；张振玉 一、 词汇的原文和译文差别 词汇是组成语言形式库的重要元素。小说 Moment in Peking 中的语言千变万化，而词汇作为语言必不可少的组成部分，在小说中显得尤为重要。 例 1： Then she took a spoon and lifted slice of the heart and some soup from the bowl and tried to feed him, holding the bowl close to him. But he was lying down and headdress was heavy, and she could not do it. Her hand shook with excitement, but barely had he taken a little sip when the soup ran out of his mouth, and she hastily tried to put the bowl down, and the soup was spilled on the new quilts. She set the bowl on the low table, and took a towel from the rack over his head to dry his face and neck and then discovered that her own dress also was spoiled. (173-174) 张振玉译本： 她又拿起汤勺儿来，从碗里舀了一片猪心，一点儿汤，把碗端进平亚，想喂他。可是平亚躺着，她的凤冠又沉重，她实在没办法喂他。她的手激动得发颤，刚让平亚喝了一点儿汤，汤就从他嘴里流出来，她连忙想把碗放下，汤就洒在新被子上。她把碗放在炕桌上，从上面架子上拿下一块毛巾来擦他的脸和脖子，发现自己的衣裳也弄脏了。（105） 这段话是描写新婚之夜，曼娘喂汤给平亚喝的情景。“headdress”本是“头饰”之意，中国自古以来就有结婚新娘带凤冠霞帔的习俗，尤其是大户人家娶亲更是如此。因此，在这里，张振玉译本将其译为“凤冠”比较贴切。而对于原文中的“the low table”，将其译为“炕桌”，因为旧时家中用来睡觉的寝具是炕而非床，人们常在炕上放置一个低矮的小桌子来吃饭，因此，“炕桌”在这里即符合中国人北方人的生活习惯，又形象生动。作者在努力遵循译语传统和规范，体现出词语的多元特性。 例 2： The colanut tree cast its shade over the entrance, and a driver was sitting on a low stone tablet sunk into the ground. The morning was delightful, and yet it promised to be a hot day with a clear sky. A medium-sized earthen jar was standing near the tree, which provided tea in hot summer days for thirsty wayfarers. But it was still empty. Noticing the jar, a driver remarked, “Your master does good deeds.” (4) 张振玉译本： 梧桐的树荫罩盖着门前。一个骡夫正坐在安在地上的一块方厚的石头上。晨光虽然是清爽宜人，看来又是一个晴空万里的炎热天气。树下安放着一个不大不小的茶缸，是夏天施给过路人解渴的，可是这时候儿那茶缸还空着。看见了这个茶缸，一个骡夫开口说：“你们东家是个大善人哪。”（3） “delightful”一词，原意为“可爱的，可喜的，令人愉快的”。在原文本中作表语，修饰“morning”。在两译文中，张振玉译本将其译为“清爽宜人”用来形容“晨光”，极为贴切，给读者不尽相同的感受，多元特征尽显无疑。 二、句法的原文和译文差别 句法属于语法层面，同样是语言形式库不可或缺的部分。而英语和汉语之间