Lab 实验传热Experiment of heat transfer.docVIP

Lab 4 Experiment of heat transfer I. Objectives Measure the overall heat-transfer coefficient K for a double-tube heat exchanger and the film heat-transfer coefficient for the inside of a circular pipe. Measure the correlation between the Nusselt number Nu and the Reynolds number Re for heat transfer by forced convection in turbulent flow in a tube. II. Principle Heat transfer from a warmer fluid to a cooler fluid, usually through a solid wall separating the two fluids, is common in chemical engineering practice. 1. Determination of the overall heat transfer coefficient K In the light of the equation of overall heat flow rate (1.15) Equation (1.15) can be written as (1.16) where Q = rate of heat transfer in the exchanger, W A = total area of heat transfer surface, m2 = logarithmic mean temperature difference, ℃ The overall coefficient K can be determined if the values of Q, A and are measured or given. Rate of heat transfer In this experiment, steam flows through the annular space between the outside and the inside pipe and air flows through the inside pipe. Hence, the overall energy balance equation can be obtained, neglecting the heat loss. (1.17) where qmh = mass flux of steam condensed, kg/s qmc = mass flux of air, kg/s r h = vaporization heat of water, J/kg cp c =specific heat of air at a constant pressure, J/(kg·K) t1 =temperature of inlet air, ℃ t2 =temperature of outlet air, ℃ The rate of heat transfer in the exchanger Q is calculated according to the heat gained by air. The air flow rate is measured with an orifice meter and its mass flux is (1.18) (1.19) where qV = volumetric flow rate of air, m3/s C0 = orifice coefficient, here C0=0.855 A0 = area of orifice,, here d0=0.023 m ρ = air density at the inlet of the orifice meter, kg/m3 ρ0 = indicat