大学英语词汇练习题及答案解析.doc

1. The atmosphere of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions. A) composes B) comprises C) consists D) constitutes 答案C.consist of“由……组成（或构成）”（作此义解时该短语只有主动态，没有被动态，不能说be consisted of）compose vt . “（若干部分）构成（整体）”（其被动态be consisted of 与consist of 同义）comprise vt. “包括，包含，由……组成；组成，构成”（该词相当于compose和be composed of两个意思）constitute vt .“组成，构成，形成” 2. While he was in the office he doing something to doing nothing. A) preferred B) liked C) favoured D) approved 答案A.prefer vt .“更喜欢”（常使用的正确句型是：prefer A to B; prefer doing A to doing B; prefer to do A rather than [to] do B;prefer that sb[should] do sth）like和favour两个动词后面都可以跟-ing，但不用like/favour(doing) A to (doing) B句型approve vt .“赞成，同义；批准，核准” 3. Metals when cooled and expand when heated. A) decrease B) reduce C)condense D)contract 答案D. Contract v.“收缩，缩小，缩短”（如contract one's muscles; One's muscles contract.）decrease v.“减小，减少”reduce vt .“减少，缩小” 4. Take your raincoat with you it rains. A) by chance B) in case C) at large D) on occasion 答案B.in case “以防万一，假如”（后面直接跟从句，从句谓语多用一般时态，也可用should/may+原形动词，但不直接用原形动词；美国人常把in case+从句放在句首，表示“如果”，如In case I forget，please remind me about it；但有时in case可以单独用，后面不跟从句，表示“以防出现万一”，如It may not rain，but you had better take an umbrella just in case.）by chance“偶然，碰巧”at large(标语)“（罪犯）逍遥法外的，未被捕获的”；（作后置定语）“大多数的”（如students at large）on occasion“有时，间或” 5. He was afraid he would have to her invitation to the party. A) refute B) refuse C) reject D) decline 答案D。deline vt.“婉辞，谢绝（邀请）；不愿（做某事）”（后面跟不定式）；vi.“下降，减少，衰落”△refuse vt.“批驳，驳斥，驳倒”（宾语可以是人或某人的论点）refuse vt.“拒绝（给予或接受）”（句型：refuse sth/to-V）reject vt.“拒绝，驳回；据纳，退回”（后面只能跟名词或代词作宾语，不跟其他句型） 6. At the Committee last Saturday the following proposal was agreed by those present. A) to B) with C) over D) at 答案A。agree to sth ：“同意，赞成”（相当于consent to，其宾语可以是极化、办法、措施、方案等名词）；agree后面还常跟with/on:agree with sb/sb’ opinion“同意某人的看法”；agree with 另一个常考的意思是“适合于<某人>”，常以食物或天气作主语，（如The weather/Sea food doesn’t agree with me .）agree on “（在某问题上）取得一致意见“；agree with sbab