速度与加速度及自由落体物理练习题-英文.doc

RECITATIONCHAPTER 3 3.12 A daring 510?N swimmer dives off a cliff with a running horizontal leap, as shown in the figure below. What must her minimum speed be just as she leaves the top of the cliff so that she will miss the ledge at the bottom, which is 1.75?m wide and 9.00?m below the top of the cliff? Let downward be the –y direction. To find the time corresponding to the displacement Δy = -9.00 m, we use the following equation: This is a zero launch angle problem and hence the initial velocity in the y direction v0y is zero. The initial velocity is calculated as follows: Using the constant acceleration equation in the x direction, Note that the weight of the diver was not used to solve the problem. 3.13 A 10,000 N car comes to a bridge during a storm and finds the bridge washed out. The 650?N driver must get to the other side, so he decides to try leaping it with his car. The side the car is on is 21.3?m above the river, while the opposite side is a mere 1.80?m above the river. The river itself is a raging torrent 61.0?m wide. (a) How fast should the car be traveling just as it leaves the cliff in order to clear the river and land safely on the opposite side? (b) What is the speed of the car just before it lands safely on the other side? Let –y be the downward direction. Also, we have Use the information given for the y direction to find the time of flight. The constant acceleration equation for the x direction gives . Since the car has no acceleration in the x direction, the velocity along the x direction is constant . The velocity in the y direction at t = 1.995 s is calculated as follows: The magnitude of velocity just before it lands is 3.18 A balloon carrying a basket is descending at a constant velocity of 20.0 m/s. A person in the basket throws a stone with an initial velocity of 15.0?m/s hori