NCBI词汇表.pdf

Accession number AAcccceessssiioonn nnuummbbeerr An Accession number is a unique identifier given to a sequence when it is submitted to one of the DNA repositories (GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ). The initial deposition of a sequence record is referred to as version 1. If the sequence is updated, the version number is incremented,but theAccessionnumber willremain constant. Alu AAlluu The Alu repeat family comprises short interspersed elements (SINES) present in multiple copies in the genomesof humansand otherprimates. TheAlusequence is approximately 300 bp in length and is foundcommonly in introns, 3′ untranslated regions of genes,and intergenic genomic regions. They are mobile elements and are present in the human genome in extremely high copy number. Almost 1 million copies of the Alu sequence are estimated to be present, making it the most abundant mobile element. The Alu sequence is so named because of the presence of a recognition site for the AluI endonuclease in the middle of the Alu sequence. Because of the widespread occurrence of the Alu repeat in the genome, the Alu sequence is used as a universal primer for PCR in animal cell lines; it binds in both forward and reverse directions. The Alu universal primer sequence is as follows: 5′-GTG GAT CAC CTG AGG TCA GGA GTT TC-3′ (26-mer). allele aalllleellee One of the variant formsof a gene at a particular locus on a chromosome. Differentalleles produce variationin inherited characteristics suchas hair color orblood type.In an individual, one formoftheallele (thedominantone) maybe expressedmorethananother form(therecessive one). When“genes” are considered simply assegmentsofa nucleotide sequence, allele referstoeachof the possible alternative nucleotides at a specific position in the sequence. For example, a CT polymorphism suchas CCT[C/T]CCATwould havetwoalleles: C andT. API AAPPII Application Programming Interface. An API is a set of routines that an application uses to request and carry out l