Geometry Lines and Angles - Mr-Kuijpers-Math：几何线和angles——kuijpers数学.ppt

Angle Properties of Circles Base Angles Of An Isosceles Triangle Are Equal e.g. x 40° Because two sides of the triangle are radii, an isosceles triangle is formed x = 40° (base ?’s of an isosceles triangle) The Angle At Centre Is Twice The Angle At The Circumference Proof: A A B x = 180 – 2A C x + C = 180 180 – 2A + C = 180 C = 2A D D = 2B C + D = 2A + 2B C + D = 2(A + B) x e.g. Find x x 42° x = 2 × 42 x = 84° (? at centre = 2 × ? at circumf.) r r Angle In A Semi Circle Is A Right Angle - This case is a special version of the previous rule x x = 90° (? in a semi-circle) Angles On The Same Arc Are Equal e.g. Proof: A C B C = 2A C = 2B 2A = 2B A = B e.g. Find x: 32° x x = 32° (?’s on the same arc) There are 2 arcs joining angles The Angle Between Tangent And Radius Is A Right Angle e.g. x x = 90° (tangent ? radius) If Two Tangents Are Drawn From A Point To A Circle They Are The Same Length e.g. x y 54° 2x + 54 = 180 - 54 - 54 ÷ 2 ÷ 2 x = 63° 2x = 126 (? sum isos. triangle) y + 63 = 90 - 63 - 63 y = 27° (tangent ? radius) Cyclic Quadrilaterals - Are four sided figures with all four vertices (corners) lying on the same circle. Opposite Angles Of A Cyclic Quadrilateral Add To 180? e.g. 79° x x + 79 = 180 - 79 - 79 x = 101° (opp. ?’s, cyc. quad) Proof: B 2B A 2A 2A + 2B = 360 A + B = 180 Exterior Angle Of A Cyclic Quadrilateral Equals Opposite Interior Angle 110° x x = 110° (ext. ?, cyc. quad) e.g. Proof: A B C A + B = 180 B + C = 180 B = 180 – C A + 180 – C = 180 A = C GEOMETRY Lines and Angles Right Angles - Are 90° or a quarter turn through a circle e.g. 1) Acute: Angle Types - Angles can be named according to their sizes 2) Obtuse: 3) Reflex: - Straight lines are 180° Are angles less than 90° Are angles between 90° and 180° Are angles between 180° and 360° Naming Angles - Where the rays meet (vertex) gives the middle letter of the angle name e.g. Name the following angles a) b) A B C Z Y X ABC or CBA ? ? XYZ or ZYX ?