基于51矿用的瓦斯检测报警器--硬件设计本科论文.doc

本科毕业设计论文 题目：基于51矿用瓦斯检测报警器 --硬件设计 基于51矿用瓦斯检测报警器 ——硬件设计 摘要 本课题设计的是用单片机控制的甲烷浓度报警监控仪，是采用热催化原理(俗称黑白元件)探头制成的甲烷浓度测量仪，适用于中小型煤矿井、下各作业场所中测量空气中的甲烷浓度。仪器能够根据甲烷浓度报警限(1.00%)进行声、光报警，并启动排风设备，同时具有通信功能。仪器由CPU、敏感元件、看门狗监控电路、小信号放大电路、A/D转换电路、通信电路、显示电路、报警电路等组成。其中CPU是监控仪的核心，完成数据采集、处理、输出、显示等功能；敏感元件是准确检测甲烷气体含量的主要元件之一，其输出是与甲烷浓度相对应的电压信号；小信号放大电路则是用来放大敏感元件输出的电压信号；A/D转换电路把放大了的电压信号由模拟信号变为数字信号送入CPU；显示电路则显示实时甲烷浓度；报警电路对超限甲烷浓度进行报警。该仪器的特点是测量范围宽，精度高；结构简单，成本低；可靠性和稳定性好，是一种电路设计新颖、参数测量准确、操作方便的矿用甲烷浓度监控仪。 关键词：CPU；A/D转换电路；敏感元件；报警Based On 51 Mine Gas Detection Alarm ——Hardware Design Abstract This topic is designed MCU control the concentration of methane alarm monitoring device, is a hot catalytic principle (commonly known as Black-and-White Components) probe into the methane concentration measuring instrument, applicable to small and medium-sized coal mines well, the next in the workplace measuring the concentration of methane in the air. According to the concentration of methane equipment to alarm limit (1.00 percent), sound, light alarm, and start ventilation equipment, communications function at the same time. Equipment from the CPU, sensitive components, the watchdog monitoring circuit, small-signal amplifier, A/D converter circuit, communication circuits, display circuit, alarm circuits and other components. Monitor CPU which is the core of the completion of data collection, processing, export, display, and other functions; sensitive components are accurate detection of methane gas in one of the main components, and its output is the concentration of methane corresponding to the voltage signal; small signal Larger circuit is used to enlarge the sensor output voltage signal; A/D converter circuit to enlarge a voltage signal from analog signals into digital signals into the CPU; show circuit showed real-time methane concentration; alarm circuits to gauge methane concentration alarm. The instrument is to measure the characteristics of a wide range and high precision; structure is simpl