lecture1 计算简史.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * In 1998, Google handled 10,000 searches per day. Ten years later, they handled around 235 million search per day. * How Time Flies… 15-105 Principles of Computation, Carnegie Mellon University * Commodore 64 (1982) Apple iShuffle (2008) 40cm X 22 cm X 8 cm 3cm X 3cm X 1cm 64KB of IC memory 2GB of flash memory $595 $49 Moore’s Law Gordon Moore co-founded Intel Corporation in 1968. Famous for his prediction on the growth of the semiconductor industry: Moore’s Law /research/ silicon/moorespaper.pdf An empirical observation stating in effect that the complexity of integrated circuits doubles every 18 months. (“complexity” generally means number of transistors on a chip) 15-105 Principles of Computation, Carnegie Mellon University * Moore’s Law 15-105 Principles of Computation, Carnegie Mellon University * source: Intel The GUIGraphical User Interface Concept born at SRI in the early 1960s Major development at Xerox PARC in late 70s Apple Macintosh, founded by Steve Jobs and his friend Steve Wozniak, introduced in 1984 with full GUI operating system Microsoft is founded by Bill Gates and Paul G. Allen with sales of Microsoft BASIC develops its own window-based operating system soon afterwards based on Apple’s design… many lawsuits follow Even IBM jumps into the fray with OS/2 15-105 Principles of Computation, Carnegie Mellon University * The GUIGraphical User Interface 15-105 Principles of Computation, Carnegie Mellon University * Macintosh OS IBMOS/2 Microsoft Windows 1.0 Input Devices The mouse was invented by Douglas Engelbart of Stanford Research Institute in 1963 after extensive usability testing. He received a patent in Nov. 1970 for the X-Y Position Indicator For A Display System. He was the recipient of the 1997 ACM Turing Award. (/awards/taward.html) Ethernet was original developed as one of the many pioneering projects at Xerox PARC. Invented between 1973-1976 by Robert Metcalfe and David Boggs 15-