2015辽宁省物理学术竞赛-赛题介绍精选.pdfVIP

2015 欢迎来鞍山！ 2015辽宁省物理学术竞赛 2015-5-30 辽宁科技大学（鞍山） 题目1.人造肌肉 (Artificial muscle) Attach a polymer fishing line to an electric drill and apply tension to the line. As it twists, the fibre will form tight coils in a spring-like arrangement. Apply heat to the coils to permanently fix that spring-like shape. When you apply heat again, the coil will contract. Investigate this ‘artificial muscle’. 将一个聚物塑料钓鱼线固定在电钻头上并绷紧，电钻扭转时 ，钓鱼 线纤维会变成弹簧一样的紧密的卷（线圈） 对线圈加热定型 ，成 为弹簧状 当再次加热时，线圈会收缩 这就是所谓的人造肌肉， 研究这个人造肌肉 题目2.液体膜发动机(Liquid film motor) Form a soap film on a flat frame. Put the film in an electric field parallel to the film surface and pass an electric current through the film. The film rotates in its plane. Investigate and explain the phenomenon. 使一个肥皂膜在平整的边框上形成 将膜放在平行于膜面的电场中 并(and)通上贯穿(through)膜的电流 膜会在所在平面中旋转 研 究并解释这个现象 题目3.马格努斯滑翔器 (Magnus glider) Glue the bottoms of two light cups together to make a glider. Wind an elastic band around the centre and hold the free end that remains. While holding the glider, stretch the free end of the elastic band and then release the glider. Investigate its motion. 将两个轻质杯子的底部粘在一起来制作一个滑翔器 将一根弹性带 子(band)绕在中心部位，用手带子的另一端（自由端） 握住滑翔 器 ，拉伸带子的自由端，然后释放滑翔机 研究它的运动 题目4.糖和盐 (Sugar and salt) When a container with a layer of sugar water placed above a layer of salt water is illuminated, a distinctive fingering pattern may be seen in the projected shadow. Investigate the phenomenon and its dependence on the relevant parameters. 容器中有一层盐水，在盐水上面再铺一层糖水，将容器照亮 ，我们 可以在投射的背光处看到一种特别的指纹形图案(fingering pattern) 研究这个现象以及对相关参量的依赖性 题目5.厚透镜 (Thick lens) A bottle filled with a liquid can work as a lens. Arguably, such a bottle is dangerous if left on a table on a sunny day. Can one use such a ‘lens’ to scorch a surface? 一个装满液体的瓶子可以用作透镜 有争议的看法是(arguably)， 如果将这样的瓶子在晴天放在桌子上会造成危险 可以用这样的透 镜来烤焦一个表面吗？ 题目6.环形光 (Circle of li