Chapter_05软件工程课件.pptVIP

Chapter 5 Requirements Modeling: Scenarios, Information, and Analysis Classes Requirements Analysis Requirements analysis specifies software’s operational characteristics indicates softwares interface with other system elements establishes constraints that software must meet Requirements analysis allows the software engineer (called an analyst or modeler in this role) to: elaborate on basic requirements established during earlier requirement engineering tasks build models that depict user scenarios, functional activities, problem classes and their relationships, system and class behavior, and the flow of data as it is transformed. A Bridge Rules of Thumb The model should focus on requirements that are visible within the problem or business domain. The level of abstraction should be relatively high. Each element of the analysis model should add to an overall understanding of software requirements and provide insight into the information domain, function and behavior of the system. Delay consideration of infrastructure and other non-functional models until design. Minimize coupling throughout the system. Be certain that the analysis model provides value to all stakeholders. Keep the model as simple as it can be. Domain Analysis Domain Analysis Define the domain to be investigated. Collect a representative sample of applications in the domain. Analyze each application in the sample. Develop an analysis model for the objects. Elements of Requirements Analysis Scenario-Based Modeling What to Write About? Inception and elicitation—provide you with the information you’ll need to begin writing use cases. Requirements gathering meetings, QFD, and other requirements engineering mechanisms are used to identify stakeholders define the scope of the problem specify overall operational goals establish priorities outline all known functional requirements, and describe the things (objects) that will be manipulated by the system. To begin developing a set of use cases,