大清河生物稳定塘系统水质净化与藻类群落组成研究.pdfVIP

大清河生物稳定塘系统水质净化与藻类群落组成 赵学敏 虢清伟 许振成 （环境保护部华南环境科学研究所，广州，510655 ） 摘 要 对大清河生物稳定塘系统中的水质净化效果进行了分析，同时对各塘中的浮游藻类种类组成、细 胞密度和多样性进行了调查。结果表明，当污水流经预处理塘、好氧塘、水生植物塘、养殖塘的过程中， pH 、DO 、chlorophyll a 浓度呈逐渐上升趋势，TN、TP、NH4+-N、BOD 和 COD 浓度呈逐渐下降趋势，并 且生物稳定塘系统对 TN、TP、NH4+-N、BOD 和 COD 的去除率分别达29.29 ％，48.68 ％，33.68 ％，68.14 ％和71.25 ％。Chlorophyll a 浓度和 pH(r=0.955, p 0.05) 、DO(r=0.992, p 0.01)显著正相关；而和 TN(r=-0.936, p 0.05), 、TP(r=-0.925, p 0.05) 以及NH4+-N(r=-0.927, p 0.05)等显著负相关。在塘系统中，共出现浮游藻类 53 种，藻类种数和生物多样性呈增加趋势，总细胞密度呈下降趋势；塘系统中共出现 6 种优势种藻，其中 绿色微囊藻和惠氏微囊藻细胞密度呈现出逐渐下降的趋势，梅尼小环藻、啮蚀隐藻、美丽网球藻和球囊藻 细胞密度呈现出逐渐上升的趋势。 关键词 生物稳定塘；藻；细胞密度；多样性 Water decontamination and algal community in biological stabilization ponds of Daqing River ZHAO Xue-min, GUO Qing-wei, XU Zhen-cheng (South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic China, Guangzhou 510655, China) Abstract Wastewater treatment effect was analyzed and species composition, cell densities and diversity of phytoplankton were investigated in biological stabilization ponds of Daqing River. pH, DO and chlorophyll a concentration increased gradually, and TN、TP、NH4+-N、BOD and COD decreased gradually when wastewater flowed from preliminary pond to aerobic pond, hydrophytic pond and fishpond. The removal rates of TN, TP, NH4+-N, BOD and COD in biological stabilization ponds were 29.29 ％，48.68 ％，33.68 ％，68.14 ％ and 71.25 ％. Chlorophyll a concentration was correlated significantly positively with pH (r=0.955, p 0.05) and DO (r=0.992, p 0.01), but significantly negatively with TN (r=-0.936, p 0.05), TP (r=-0.925, p 0.05) and NH4+-N (r=-0.927, p 0.05). Fifty-three phytoplankton species were found in biological stabilizati