焚烧和砍伐政策.pdfVIP

上海色瑞斯认证有限公司砍伐和焚烧政策 01.01.09 1/4 Logging and Burning砍伐和焚烧 1 Aim Avoid environmental damage for obtaining or managing organic farmland. 避 免造成得到公认或进行有机管理的农田环境损害。 2 Background Logging and burning woodland is common practice in many countries, to ob- tain new farmland, or to destroy fallow vegetation. Besides, burning is used for weed control on field margins, to promote grass re-sprouting on natural grass- land, and for destruction of crop residues. 砍伐和焚烧林地在许多国家是常见 的操作，以此获得新农田或破坏休耕植被。除此之外，焚烧还用于田边杂草控制， 促进自然草地上草重发芽，破坏作物残渣。 These habits may be time-efficient and help to release in a short-term consid- erable amounts of plant nutrients, but they involve serious environmental damage, like species extinction, global warming, and loss of soils. Destruction of primary forests is the most outstanding environmental problem all over the tropics. Besides timber exploitation, slash and burn aims basically at obtaining farm and pasture land. Also in temperate countries like China, logging for ob- tainment of new farmland contributes to reduce even more the shrinking forest areas. 这些习俗可能在时间上是有效的，并且有助于在短期内获得可观的植物 养分，但其包括严重的环境损害，如物种灭绝、全球变暖、土壤流失。原始森林 的破坏是热带地区最突出的环境问题。除了木材开采，刀耕火种的基本目的在于 获得农田和牧场。在温带国家如中国，以砍伐获得新土地使森林面积减少。 Consumers, who pay higher prices for organic food, tend to have a high level of environmental consciousness, and expect organic food to be produced without such damaging practices. 高价购买有机食品的消费者往