内脏神经、内分泌系统课件.pptVIP

The Visceral Nervous System The Visceral Nervous System Composition Visceral motor nerves (autonomic nervous system) Sympathetic part 交感部 Parasympathetic part 副交感部 Visceral sensory nerves Visceral motor nerves Main differences between somatic motor and visceral motor n. Sympathetic part 交感部 Lower center: located in lateral gray horn of spinal cord segments T1~L3 Sympathetic ganglia Paravertebral ganglia 椎旁节 Prevertebral ganglia 椎前节 Paravertebral ganglia 椎旁节 Arranged on either side of vertebral column Consist of 19~22 of oval-shaped ganglia Three cervical 10~12 thoracic 4 lumbar 2~3 sacral Ganglion impar奇神经节: unpaired on the anterior face of coccyx Sympathetic trunk 交感干 Formed by paravertebral ganglia and interganglionic branches Lie on either side of vertebral column from base of skull to coccyx The trunks of two side unite in front of the coccyx at a small swelling, the ganglion impar Prevertebral ganglia 椎前节 Lie anterior to vertebral column and near the arteries for which they are named Celiac ganglion 腹腔神经节 Aorticorenal ganglion 主动脉肾节 Superior mesenteric ganglion 肠系膜上神经节 Inferior mesenteric ganglion肠系膜下神经节 Three fates of preganglionic fibers Relay in corresponding ganglion Ascend or descend in sympathetic trunk and relay in higher or lower ganglia Pass without synapse to a prevertebral ganglion for relay Greater splanchnic nerve 内脏大神经 formed by preganglionic fibers from T5~T9 ganglia, and relay in celiac ganglion. Lesser splanchnic nerve 内脏小神经 formed by preganglionic fibers from T10~T12 ganglia, and relay in aorticorenal ganglion. The postganglionic fibers supply the liver, spleen, kidney and alimentary tract as far as the left colic flexure. Lumbar splanchnic nerve 腰内脏神经 Formed by preganglionic fibers from L1~L4 ganglia, and relay in prevertebral ganglia. The postganglionic fibers supplydescending and sigmoid colon, rectum, pelvic viscera and lower limbs. Three fates of postganglionic fibers Back to a spinal ner