建筑采光和遮阳-许鹏.ppt

Day lighting and building envelope Windows ? The higher the window, the deeper the daylighting zone. The practical depth of a daylighted zone is typically limited to 1.5 times the window head height. With a reflective light shelf, this zone may be extended up to 2.5 times the head height ? Strip windows provide more uniform daylight. ? Large windows require more control. ? Size the windows and select glazing at the same time. ? Keep occupants away from large areas of single-pane glass. ? Use separate apertures for view and daylight. ? Position windows to direct light onto the ceiling. ? Introduce more light-colored surfaces for good distribution. Window design to maximize daylighting Incorporate shading elements with windows ? Use horizontal window shapes ? Place view windows wisely. ? Locate windows near room surfaces (beams, walls) for good distribution—these surfaces help reflect and redistribute daylight. ? Windows on every orientation - North: High quality consistent daylight with minimal heat gains, but thermal loss during heating conditions and associated comfort problems. - South: Good access to strong illumination (the original source), although varies through the day. Shading is “easy”. - East and West: Shading is difficult. Shading is critical for comfort on both sides and heat gain too, especially on the west. Windows facing generally north and south create the fewest problems. ? Don’t waste glazing area where it can’t be seen Blinds matters! 90% of buildings have operable fenestration controls, blinds, shades, louvers, curtains Daylighting simulation examples Blinds day lighting simulation Automated blinds control Raised for hours when there is no direct sun, lowered for hours when there is direct sun Blinds are at 45 deg angle to block direct sun Representative of a fully automated system Blinds control is an energy saving gold mine Blinds retrofits They are easy to improve Scope of design and product im