综述-上海交通大学医学院课程中心.PDFVIP

56 国际生殖健康/ 计划生育杂志 20 16 年 1 月第 35 卷第 1 期 J Int Reprod Health蛐Fam Plan ，January 2016 熏 Vol. 35熏 No. 1 综述 梓枫，丁之德吟 【 要】 近年我 吸食毒品的人群中，青少年呈快速上升趋势。毒品不仅严重危害吸食者神经内分 泌、心血管及全身多系统的生长发育，并引起代谢的紊乱，与此同时，也极大地影响吸食者的生殖健康。根据 毒品的分类，从流行病学及动物实验的角度，综述各种毒品对生殖的危害。对雄性，阿片类毒品会影响精子动 力与活力，从而导致雄性不育；对雌性，长期服用甲基苯丙胺会增加患妊娠期高血压疾病、宫内死胎、流产、早 产、新生儿及婴儿死亡的概率；而孕期吸食大麻，更可能造成胚胎生长缓慢、神经系统发育不良，最终导致出 生后的新生儿认知行为受损等。研究毒品对生殖系统的影响，除了阐述其毒理机制外，更具有重要的 会警 示 用。 【关键词】 阿片；甲基苯丙胺；大麻属；可卡因；生殖；胚胎发育 Effect of Drugs on Reproductive System and Embryonic Development X U Zi -feng 袁DING Zhi -de. Dep artment of Clinical Medic ine 袁Grade 2013 渊X U Zi-feng冤袁Dep artment of A natomy 袁His tology and Embryology 渊DING Zhi-de 冤袁School of Medicine 袁Shanghai Jiao Tong Unive rs ity 袁Shanghai 200025 袁China Corresp onding author 院DING Zhi-de 袁E-mail 院z ding@ 揖Abstract 铱 The rate of drug-taking population is rising rapidly in our country 袁especially among teenagers or juveniles, in recent years. Drugs not only cause severe harmfulness to the growth 袁development and metabolism of the neuroendocrine system 袁cardiovascular system and many other systems in human body 袁but also vastly damage reproductive system. In this article, we introduced the harmful effects of various drugs on reproduction. For example 袁the opioid drugs have a negative effect on the sperm motility and mobility which directly leads to male infertility. Methamphetamine intaking for long time can induce the gestational hypertension 袁fetal death in utero 袁abortion 袁premature 袁neonatal death and infant mortality. Marihuana intaking during pregnancy can lead to the slow growth and neural dysplasia in fetus and the damage of recognition ability in newborn. There is an important caution in our society by studying the effects of different drugs on reproduction. 揖Keywords 铱 Opium 曰Meth