中国传统斗戏习俗研究.pdfVIP

中国传统斗戏习俗研究 摘 要 斗戏是通过动物相斗的剧场性表演给民众造成较强心理刺激且 往往带有赌博性质的娱乐活动。斗戏的主要种类包括斗鸟、斗鸡、斗 鸭、斗鹅、斗马、斗牛、斗羊、斗狗、斗虎、斗蚁、斗蟋蟀、斗鱼等。 斗戏具有娱乐性、竞技性、季节性、规则性、模式性的特点。娱乐性 和竞技性既是斗戏习俗的特点，也是斗戏的两个最重要的功能。此外， 斗戏还往往具有盈利性的功能。斗戏经历了萌芽产生、发展成型、繁 荣昌盛、限制衰落、再度发展的五个阶段。 研究斗戏习俗具有一定的理论意义和现实意义。首先，可为民间 游艺民俗研究提供丰富的资料和一些具有学术价值的观点。其次，有 利于我们更好地保护斗戏习俗中的优秀成分，摒弃其负面功能。再次， 可为斗戏与民俗旅游的结合提供参考。本文应用民俗学、历史学、文 化人类学、社会学、心理学、旅游学等学科理论和方法着力于对中国 传统斗戏习俗开展较为系统和综合的研究，在研究范围和一些观点上 具有一定的创新性。 通过一系列的阐述和论证，借鉴斗戏曲折发展的历史经验，本文 提出了保护斗戏的政策性保护、研究性保护、开发性保护措施；开发 斗戏习俗资源应当遵循文化性、特色性、选择性原则,应与民间文化 节庆活动、生态博物馆、文化主题公园、乡村旅游相结合的开发思路。 关键词：斗戏，特点，功能，保护，开发 I RESEARCH ON THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE ANIMAL- FIGHTING GAMES ABSTRACT Animal-fighting game is a form of traditional Chinese entertainment which involves creating a strong psychology impression on the audiences through the fighting of animals, and is typically of a gambling nature. The major types of animal-fighting games include the fighting games of birds, cocks, ducks ;geese ;horses oxen; sheep; dogs; tigers; ants; crickets and fishes. With multiple characters, animal-fighting game emphasizes both entertainment and athleticism, usually carried out in a certain season of the year, it also has strict rules and specific norms. Entertainment and athleticism are not only two characters of animal-fighting game, but its most important functions. Besides, animal-fighting game also serves as a way of making profits. There are five stages in the evolution of animal-fighting game, namely the burgeoning stage, the formation stage; the flourishing stage, the decaying stage and the revival stage. II Research of the customs of animal-fi