基于单片机的电动机过载保护技术的研究.docVIP

基于单片机的电动机过载保护技术的研究 摘 要 电动机作为主要的动力设备在工、农业生产和发展中扮演着重要的角色。但是，因为使用不当或其他原因造成电动机故障的几率也是很大的。这不但造成电气设备的浪费，还会因此而带来不等的间接经济损失，因此，对电动机采取有效的保护措施是非常必要的。随着对电动机性能要求的不断提高，其保护系统也应随之改进。研制系统完善、可靠性高的电动机保护系统已是必然的趋势。 本文首先介绍了电动机保护装置的发展历程和国内外的研究情况以及未来的发展趋势。其次，分析了电动机常见故障原因及对称分量法在故障判断中的应用。最后，结合现有理论，设计并实现了以单片机AT89S52为核心的电动机过载保护装置的硬件电路，同时根据理论算法设计了装置的软件系统，两者相结合最终实现了保护装置的功能。 整套装置包括了：主控制芯片、数据采集单元、时钟显示单元、键盘处理单元和报警中断等模块电路。将装置模块化不仅便于设计、调试，而且对软件编程也有帮助，简化了程序编写，出现错误时易于分析、查找。 本装置是在传统电动机保护装置的基础上设计而成的。结果证明，灵敏度和精确度均优于后者。为使其性能更加可靠，需要从软件和硬件两方面作进一步的研究，以提高系统的抗干扰能力。 关键字：对称分量法，过载保护，可靠性 MOTOR OVER-LOAD PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER Abstract As a major power equipment, motor plays an important role in industrial and agricultural production and development. However, because of improper use or other causes, motor failure probability is great. This not only results in the waste of electrical equipment, but also creates indirect economic losses, therefore, it is very necessary to take effective measures to motor protection. With the continuous improvement of motor performance requirements, its protection system should also be improved. It is the inevitable trend that developing system perfect, reliable motor protection system. First of all, this paper describes the development of motor protection devices, research at home and aboard, as well as the future trend. Second, it analyses the common cause of motor and the application of symmetrical component method in fault diagnosis. Finally, with existing theory, designing and implementing the hardware circuit of motor over-load protection based on microcontroller AT89S52, meanwhile, according to theory algorithm, designing the software system. Combining the two parts, the function achieves. The whole package includes: MCU, data acquisition unit, the clock display unit, keyboard processing unit and alarm interruption. Modular circuit is not only easy to design, debug, also helpful to software programming, simplifying programming, easy to analysis a